How to increase golf swing speed?

Author: Davon Hill

Views: 69
All golfers will be aiming at playing a better game during the tournament. It is essential that all golfers should improve their golf swing speed so that they can play a perfect game. Many people assume that swinging harder will increase golfing speed. If you believe in this, then it is necessary to mention that this will not give you the results you are expecting. Changing movements and rotations will not make you a good golfer. You have to concentrate on your body.

Golf is a game and you are a golf athlete who is willing to improve power and initiate longer drives. If this is your aim, you have to develop your muscles in your arm. This is called core and you have to build your core to gain great power and golfing swing speed. With power in your arms, you don’t have to swing harder to drive long. Simple arm movement with concentration on the ball will give you what you want in the golf course. While playing golf, it is necessary to stretch your body to drive the ball long. If your body is pressurized to stretch in the golf course without any initial practice, then you may suffer from muscle cramps and other problems.

As a golfing athlete you must follow a few exercises inorder to improve golfing speed. Since power and speed is responsible in determining driving distance, to increase the scores, you have to periodically follow these exercises. Golfing exercises train your arm muscles and so, strength exercises are highly recommended. If your muscles are not properly trained and if you try to improve golfing speed, various injuries on your back, elbow and cuff will be caused as a result of over exertion by your muscles.

For forward golf spin, about 22 muscles in your body are used. To improve golfing speed and perform well on the golf course, follow golfing exercises and prepare your muscles to improve swinging speeds. With more power in your arms, you can create wonders in your game play. Weight training exercises using weights will greatly help you to train your muscles. You should not try to use shortcuts to improve golfing speed. Building your body progressively and naturally is the best method to perform well and even top golfers like Tiger woods follow golfing exercises to play a better game in the tournament. These exercises are useful in training and stretching the muscles enabling you to stretch your body naturally while playing golf.

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Hybrids :
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Iron:
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Putters:
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Find Golf Instruction

Find Golf Instruction that fits YOU

I have designed this short quiz to find the best course of instruction for you. Don't waste your valuable time and energy learning aspects of the game that you already excel in. This quiz will point you in the direction you need to go to improve your game.

You are just a TWO ANSWERS AWAY from becoming a better golfer. We're going to build you a customized swing plan. Just answer the questions below by clicking on the answer that best matches your golf swing. You'll receive your customized swing plan on the next page.

Start Your Quiz

When you hit a full swing shot, which way does it go?

A. I generally hit the ball to the LEFT.

B. I generally hit the ball to the RIGHT.

C. I hit the ball BEHIND THE BALL or TOP THE BALL.

D. I hit the ball INCONSISTENTLY.

When you hit the ball LEFT, how does it get there?

A. The ball hooks to the left and goes quite high.

B. The ball goes directly to the left with little arc.

When you hit the ball RIGHT, how does it get there?

A. The ball slices to the right and goes quite high.

B. The ball goes directly to the right with little arc.

Do you hit BEHIND THE BALL or TOP THE BALL?

A. I usually hit behind the ball and it goes very high (FAT Shots).

B. I usually top the ball and it runs on the ground (THIN Shots).

You hit the ball inconsistently?

A. Yes, I hit thin shots, fat shots, hook the ball and slice.

Enter your name and email address to have your Swing Plan emailed to you!

Your Swing Plan will help you:

* Pinpoint and Focus on your problem areas
* Lower your Handicap
* Increase Distance, Consistency, and Accuracy
* Build Confidence and Perfect your Timing




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"My best score so far (my handicap reduced to 12)."

- Siggi Rempel

"Before my average score was 86. In a month, my average is 80."

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Finally, the Renegade Golf Mental Guru reveals his secret, easy-to-use golf psychology techniques to overcome lack of confidence, skill, physical power and practice time on the range.

Dear Fellow Golfer,
If you're sick and tired of taking lessons and not seeing any improvement in your scores,
If you want to crush your drives long and as straight as you can point... from the very first tee,
If you would rather go out and play (instead of practicing on the range all day long),
If you want to go low - consistently,
If your body is starting to creak, and not able swing the way it used to,
If you want to stay calm and confident, even when looking at a 12 foot left to right slider for birdie and the final skin, then keep reading, because I have some great news...

As 14,341 "Renegade" golfers from all over the globe can attest - a razor sharp mental game can overcome a great deal of physical and skill deficiencies, and get you back on the course with killer confidence.

My name is Stephen Ladd, and I’m known as the Renegade Golf Mental Coach because I don’t buy into the mainstream BS about golf having to be so damn hard.

Like so many golfers, I struggled with hundreds of lessons and thousands of balls on the range...with nothing to show for it... then it finally hit me - it had to be the golf mental game.

After 15 years of intense personal study into the mind-body connection including two undergraduate degrees from Miami University (Ohio) and graduate studies in California, I traveled to 8 countries in southeast Asia in search of more substantial (and perhaps lesser known) answers.

In the end, I was able to formulate a simple do-it-yourself system that generates all of the benefits of traditional golf psychology AND meditation practice - without all the psycho-babble or the need to sit and stare at a blank wall for hours.

There is a better way!
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A Perfect Blend of Ancient Wisdom and Cutting-Edge Science - Simplified Into a Program That Will Produce Results Your Very Next Round of Golf!
Discover Renegade Mindset Techniques for Golf RIGHT NOW!

Here's what I'll send your way as soon as you fill in your name and email below:
(In)Famous 8 Lesson Renegade Golf E-Tutorial - delivered directly to your inbox. Eight full lessons of covert mental golf tips and techniques that you can use immediately to achieve a peak performance mindset and unleash your true golf dominance.

Renegade Golf Video Demonstration - Golfers at all skill levels, from weekend warriors to Tour Professionals, can experience varying levels of tension and anxiety that can wreak havoc on their consistent performance. It doesn't have to be that way! In this video, I'll take you step-by-step through the simple RMT process to quickly and easily quiet your mind and relax your body... and play to your true potential.

Special Report: How to Eliminate First Tee Jitters In Less Than One Minute
Over 80% of golfers report having anxiety on the first tee. Discover a 90 second quick fix to remain calm and focused to nail that first fairway... and all of your golf drives for the entire round.
Most golfers are at a HUGE disadvantage and will NEVER be able to play well consistently.

What the tour pros and top club players know (and would like to keep a secret) is that you can never excel at golf...

Until You Get Out of Your Own Way.
Any golfer that's been playing more than a few years has hit the "perfect" drive, chip and putt. Your body knows how to produce a solid, smooth golf swing. It's your MIND that gets in the way and creates the tension, screwing everything up.

Eliminate the interference from the mind, and your true golf prowess can finally be revealed. This is the KEY to adding a monstrous 50 extra yards off the tee, draining those impossible putts for birdie, and finally breaking 90, 80, or even going scratch.

For the last 12 years I've been revealing these ultra-simple and lighting-fast techniques to do just that.

I've coached thousands of golfers from over 39 countries. And as you can see from the testimonials on this page, my methods work for the PGA pro, the weekend duffer, and everyone in between. Just like they'll work for you.

Clients pay me $250.00 an hour for private one-on-one instruction (when my schedule permits, which is rarely). They pay these fees happily… because these techniques work like magic.

What you'll discover is a combination of do-it-yourself tools that no one else in the golfing world is teaching.

It's a secret method to induce a state of focused relaxation, confidence, and flow (aka in the zone). It's a little bit like self-hypnosis (but don't let that scare you). And you certainly don't have to buy into any philosophy, religion or creed. It's all about setting you up for success on the course.

Are my techniques for you?
Yeah, probably.

Here’s Just a Small Sample of What You’ll Discover:

* Why most golfers NEVER reach their true potential! (Here's a hint: hard work has nothing to do with this!)

* Why practice does NOT make perfect

* How to improve any specific area of your game... in 45 seconds

* Discover the amazingly simple strategies developed by a Stanford Engineer to help war veterans overcome post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)... and how to use these same tools to shave strokes off your game... Instantly!

* Why traditional positive thinking actually hurts your game... and what to do instead

* How to eliminate tension on the tee box... especially the dreaded first tee... automatically

* CRUSH that first drive long and straight... and set the tone for the entire round

* How to enter "the zone" at will... and stay there

* How to quickly eliminate negative swing thoughts that kill your game

* Drain putts with obnoxious confidence - your friends may start to actually hate you (but I'll bet you get over it)

* How to eliminate fear and doubt, no matter how tight the fairway or ominous the water hazard

* How to play to your true potential

* How to never choke again, EVER!

* A three minute pre-round technique that guarantees your success on the course

* The "secret", brain-dead SIMPLE technique that has been missing from your pre-shot routine (this is costing you precious strokes)

* What to do AFTER every shot that is absolutely vital to playing your best (this is something 99% of all golfers know nothing about... and it shows on their scorecard)

* How to silence your "inner critic" once and for all. If there's one thing holding you back from playing better golf today, this is it.

* How a little known cure for sea sickness can calm your nerves and help you slash strokes

* Avoid the mistake that almost every golfer makes... before leaving home!

* Get rid of negative barriers that are ruining your focus and costing you strokes... (you're probably not even aware of them)

* A short cut to relaxed focus (this works like magic in any pressure situation!)

* How to easily remain calm and confident throughout any round of golf... regardless of who you're playing with!

* How your fingertips can help your game (trust me - you've never heard this before!)

* Develop the laser focus most golfers only dream about

* NEVER feel embarrassed or self-conscious on the course again

* How to free yourself from the burden of mistakes and poor play in the past

* What Albert Einstein and quantum physics have to do with you playing better golf

* What to do after a round to guarantee ongoing success

* Shatter your limiting beliefs about your game... and play with power

A Scottish Review of Renegade Mental Golf
eZs3
"So What’s the Bottom Line?"
Clients pay me $250.00 an hour for private one-on-one instruction (when my schedule permits, which is rarely). They pay these fees happily…because these techniques work like magic. You will go out and play the best golf of your life after using the RMT routines for a few minutes!

For a LIMITED TIME – Renegade Mindset Techniques for Golf is being offered at a fraction of its’ true retail value.
I’m so excited to get this manual into widespread circulation that I have decided to make you an offer that is irresistible – for limited time, claim your Renegade Mindset Techniques for Golf E-Book Manual for

ONLY $47
This is probably less than you spend on a single round of golf. Even if you are a "frugal" golfer, think what you have spent on clubs, balls, lessons, greens fees, etc. What's it worth to you to finally end the hours of frustration and embarrassment? Wouldn't you like a return on the investment you've made to the game?

My current clients (many of them successful business owners) think I’m totally nuts for practically giving this information away. But I promise you, this price will not last long (I’ve been advised to sell the e-book for at least $97. And as much as I shun authority and being told what to do, I will follow this advice…soon). But, if you ACT RIGHT NOW, you are able to take advantage of this price and you will also receive SIX FREE BONUSES worth over $300!

Bonus 1– 30 DAYS OF PERSONAL RENEGADE GOLF EMAIL COACHING!! That’s right!... you get to send me your personal questions about how to tailor these amazing techniques specifically to your game. Do you need more yardage off the tee, confidence on particular putts (or even conquer the dreaded golf yips), or a few extra tricks to finally take home the club championship (or just a few hundred bucks off your golfing buddies)? In the past I have only offered this service to my competitive golf clients, at a price tag of $200 a month. ($200 value)

Bonus 2– Special E-Report Before Getting to the First Tee by Phil Mickelson’s Golf Fitness Trainer Sean Cochran. There are some vitally important preparation steps that the top pros always perform before a getting to the first tee. In this exclusive report you will discover what the pros do before a round, why it is so important and how it can instantly create consistency in your game and produce lower scores. Downloadable PDF format. ($27 value)

Bonus 3– Special E-Report Getting the Most out of your Golf Game While Traveling. Nothing is more frustrating than being on the road for business or a family obligation, without a golf course anywhere in site. In this report, Phil's trainer reveals simple drills to keep your game sharp, even if you're snowed in at a Minnesota airport hotel in February. Downloadable PDF format. ($17 value)

Bonus 4- Special E-Report The Top Ten Golf Fitness Exercises Not all exercises are created equal. If you want to develop flexibility, stability, strength and power (all the essentials for a complete golf game) in order to nail longer drives, drain more putts and have the stamina to play 36 holes on back to back days, then you need to choose the best exercises. Expert Golf Fitness Coach Susan Hill (trainer to thousands of golfers worldwide) gives you the ten with the biggest bang for your golfing buck. Downloadable PDF format. ($20 value)

Bonus 5– Special E-Report How Traditional Cardio Exercise is Making You “GOLF STUPID” and DECREASING Your Distance – and What To Do Instead. If you are peddling away for 30 minutes on a stationary bike or jogging 12 miles per week in hopes of improving your golf game - you are wasting your time! Find out the secret to cardio that actually increases your power (both physical and mental) AND is incredibly time efficient (under 13 minutes per session). Downloadable PDF format. ($24 value)

Bonus 6– Special E-Report Why You Can Improve Your Game Without Practice. We all know that we "should" practice, but who has the time! In this report, discover the keys to improving your golf game with the bare minimum of practice, leaving more time to be out on the links. By Craig Sigl, the creator of the (in)famous Break 80 Without Practice. Downloadable PDF format. ($20 value)

But you must act right now to be eligible for this limited time e-mail coaching offer. I can only reserve 50 spots per month to ensure that you receive my full attention and top-notch service (the only kind I offer). So click on the order button below and claim your copy of Renegade Mindset Techniques for Golf plus all the bonuses.

The RMT Unconditional Money Back Guarantee
I insist that you order any of the RMT for Golf products entirely at my risk. That is why it comes with a 100% Eight Week Money Back Guarantee. There is absolutely NO RISK on your part. If for any reason you decide that this system isn't for you, then just notify me for a full refund. No questions asked. No forms to fill out. You'll receive a full and immediate refund of every penny you paid. You may request a refund for any reason whatsoever if you believe you have not received an outstanding value or if RMT just isn’t right for you.

On the other hand, when RMT does produce dramatic results for you on the course and in your career (which they will) I ask that you email me your success story, and allow me to share it with other golfers. There is nothing I enjoy more than helping athletes achieve the satisfaction of playing to their full potential.
If you’re even remotely interested in improving your golf future, then you owe it to yourself to at least try Renegade Mindset Techniques for Golf. I don’t think you would have read this far if you weren’t really serious about playing your best.

Be a Renegade,
golf mental, golf psychology, best golf training aid
Stephen Ladd

P.S. Don't decide now. Take RMT for a test drive, risk-free. If you don't immediately lower your scores, play with more confidence, and have more FUN on the course than ever before, then I insist that you receive a full refund, no questions asked. You've got nothing to lose (except a few strokes off your handicap).

P.P.S. Don't wait - I can only guarantee the private email coaching and other bonuses if you order NOW. As soon as you do, you'll be able to instantly download the e-book version of the manual and the Five Special Reports, and begin your golf metamorphosis right away.

All orders are processed on a SECURE server.
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NOTE: Renegade Mindset Techniques for Golf is a downloadable e-book. After you order, you will get INSTANT ACCESS to download the e-book onto your computer. The e-book version format is a PDF, which can be viewed on both PC and Mac.
Renegade Mindset Techniques for Golf Affiliate Program - 75%

Have You Heard What Other Golfers Are Saying?
Calm and Focused PGA Pro
As a PGA Professional, I play a lot of tournament golf, and find myself in a lot of pressure situations. Coach Stephen has given me the simple tools and techniques to get myself into a calm and focused state before my events. Being able to step up to the first tee with this mindset is incredible.

Paul Hobart
PGA Professional
Cured the Yips & Hole In One
“In addition to your excellent book curing me after 6 years of the yips, I got my first hole in one after 20 years during a recent outing on Spain. A coincidence…I don’t think so! Thanks to you I’m swinging better, feeling better, and playing better than ever. This stuff is really GREAT!

Davie Kinloch
Glasgow, Scotland
Draining Eagle Putts
"My putting was the only thing keeping me from winning several PGA Professional events. I could sink them all day on the practice green, but never in the big tournaments. My playing partners expected me to reach the par fives in two, but then hang on for par. Stephen took care of that in short order.Imagine their surprise when I started draining eagle putts! I highly recommend Stephen’s program to golfers at any level.”

Dave Proffitt
PGA Professional
London, Ohio
The Future of Golf Psychology
"Stephen Ladd is the future of golf psychology. With all my years of traditional education in sports medicine - I'll admit that I was skeptical at first. But after personally witnessing so many remarkable improvements in my athletes, I'm a believer. My advice to golfers is to use RMT or get beaten by those who do!”

Eric Serrano, MD
Consultant to athletes worldwide

Out-Driving Everyone
“I’m a decent golfer (6 handicap) but have always been embarrassed by my lack of distance off the tee. I’ve tried several instructors, new clubs, and even started going to the gym. After all of that time and money, I saw almost no improvement.
My wife bought your book for me as a birthday gift. I was a little skeptical at first, but not for long! On my first golf outing I was out-driving my partners who usually have me by twenty or more yards off the tee. I was able to relax and my swing felt so fluid. I can’t really explain it, except to say that it felt easy. That’s a first for me.

Al Cranston
Phoenix, AZ
Simple But Powerful

"As a competitive golfer, I look for every possible advantage. I read all the mainstream books on the mental side of golf, and even saw a respected sports psychologist for private sessions, all to no avail.
Then I was introduced to Renegade Mindset Techniques for Golf. RMT is a totally different animal! To say that it has completely changed my game would be an understatement. I don’t ride the roller coaster of emotions anymore. The best way I can describe it is a “relaxed focus”.
RMT is so simple yet so powerful!"

Carol Sampson
Detroit, MI
Success On The Islands
I have NEVER felt more relaxed and in control on the course! I have consistently driven the ball well and have really improved my greens-hit-in-regulation and short putting (from 6ft and in). I look forward to continuing your re-enforcement techniques and I am confident that I will continue to improve my scoring. THANK YOU !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Tom B.
Lihue, Kauai
New Found Confidence & Fun
"Thank you for your amazing techniques. They certainly are unusual, but so are the results. My instructor is thrilled with my new ability to quickly make the swing changes he wants me to use. I feel so confident on the course. I never knew it could be this fun!"

Pete Allen
Birmingham, AL
Busting the Drives
"I must admit that I was VERY skeptical when I read about your renegade mental techniques. But after watching so many pros on TV using various mental routines, I figured if they need them, then so did I. And your guarantee made me say "go for it" and now I'm saying "go for it" on the course all the time!
Thanks to RMT I shot a 38 on a Donald Ross course, including two birdies! That's the first time I've ever had two birds on the front nine. I was busting my drives so far that twice I thought I lost it, only to find it up close to the green.

Thanks!
Thad Winston
Granville, OH

Cool Stuff
“I used the CD with my IPOD before my round and shot a 42 for nine holes with only 15 putts. It was even the first round with my new clubs. This stuff is cool!"
Tess Fraser
Marysville, OH
(13 years old)

I Wouldn’t Have Believed It
"Thank you for your wonderful system. I married a golf fanatic and took up the game in order to enjoy it with my husband, at the age of forty-three. The lessons always went quite well, but I would get so nervous on the golf course, especially on the first tee. My heart would almost beat through my chest and my hands would shake. Obviously I never hit a good shot in that condition.

Then I tried RMT and it went away, in minutes, just like you said. I probably wouldn’t believe it if it hadn’t happened to me. Now I look forward to the first tee!"

Susan Willis
Orlando, FL
ps: I broke 100 for the first time last weekend!
Won Tournaments, Money & Respect

"I hate to break it to you, but I’m never telling the members of my club about RMT. I’ve dropped my handicap by four strokes in the last two months while spending less than half the time practicing as normal. I’ve won two local tournaments, some money and tons of respect. I want to thank you, but I’m going to keep this secret to myself. Don’t count on any local referrals from me."

Robert Sims
Ann Arbor, MI
Ten Minutes Drops 5 Strokes
"Where have you been all my life! I have played golf for almost 55 years. Or rather I should say that I painfully struggled through golf for that period of time. Your book was a quick read and seemed too simple to be useful. How wrong I was. I did the method for 10 minutes before my league and dropped 5 strokes from my best score, even with a 9. That is only 2 minutes per stroke. I would say it is well worth it.

Thank you many times."

Rita Zoren
Boston, MA
(71 years old)
Telling the Oldies

What a day! Yes, I tell the golf world (my part of it anyhow) that your Renegade Mindset Techniques works. Even my wife is excited about it - she is telling people how much I have improved since using it. Tell the oldies that there is much more to life then just sitting around dreaming of yesterdays – there is a lot of fun to be had today!

Richard Fox
Fort Worth, TX
(73 years old)
Does Wonders for Scores and Confidence
Coach Stephen, the method of golf you have introduced is extremely revolutionary. My journey in golf is very serious even with a hectic schedule. You reshaped how I thought the game had to be played and it has done wonders for my scores and confidence. I definitely recommend your program! Thanks again!

Sema Essien
Baltimore, MD
No Sign of the Yips
"After playing golf for nearly twenty years, one day I got the yips. Out of the blue I just started missing 2 footers! It was so frustrating. My foursome partners couldn’t even watch me putt. I switched grips, bought new putters, and even changed my diet. I was desperate. Everything worked for a while, but they always came back.

The Renegade routine took care of them real fast. It’s been four months and no sign of the yips.

Thanks."
Frank Carter
Seattle, WA
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History of Golf

History of Golf

Golf is a sport in which individual players or teams of players strike a ball into a hole using several types of clubs. Golf is one of the few ball games that does not use a fixed, standardised playing field or area; defined in the Rules of Golf as "playing a ball with a club from the teeing ground into the hole by a stroke or successive strokes in accordance with the Rules."

The first game of golf for which records survive was played at Bruntsfield Links, in Edinburgh, Scotland, in A.D. 1456, recorded in the archives of the Edinburgh Burgess Golfing Society, now The Royal Burgess Golfing Society.
Etymology
The word golf was first mentioned in writing in 1457 on a Scottish statute on forbidden games as gouf,[1] possibly derived from the Scots word goulf (variously spelled) meaning "to strike or cuff". This word may, in turn, be derived from the Dutch word kolf, meaning "bat," or "club," and the Dutch sport of the same name. But there is an even earlier reference to the game of golf and it is believed to have happened in 1452 when King James II banned the game because it kept his subjects from their archery practice.[2] It is often claimed that the word originated as an acronym for "gentlemen only, ladies forbidden", but this is an urban legend.[3]
History

Main article: History of golf
Golf is a very old game of which the exact origins are unclear. The origin of golf is open to debate as to being Chinese, Dutch or Scottish. However, the most accepted golf history theory is that this sport originated from Scotland in the 1100s.[4]

A game somewhat similar to golf was first mentioned in Dongxuan Records (Chinese: ???), a Chinese book of 11th Century. It was also mentioned in February 26 in the year 1297 in the Netherlands in a city called Loenen aan de Vecht. Here the Dutch played a game with a stick and leather ball. Whoever hit the ball into a target several hundreds of meters away the most number of times, won.

However, modern golf is considered to be a Scottish invention,[5][6] as the game was mentioned in two 15th century laws prohibiting the playing of the game of gowf. Some scholars have suggested that this refers to another game which is more akin to modern shinty, hurling or field hockey than golf. A game of putting a small ball in a hole in the ground using clubs was played in 17th century Netherlands. The word golf derives from the Dutch kolf meaning stick, club or bat[7] (see: Kolven). Flourishing trade over the North Sea during the Middle Ages and early Modern Period led to much language interaction between Scots, Dutch, Flemish and other languages. There are reports of even earlier accounts of golf from continental Europe.[8]

The oldest playing golf course in the world is The Old Links at Musselburgh Racecourse. Evidence has shown that golf was played on Musselburgh Links in 1672 although Mary, Queen of Scots reputedly played there in 1567.

Golf courses have not always had eighteen holes. The St Andrews Links occupy a narrow strip of land along the sea. As early as the 15th century, golfers at St Andrews, in Fife, established a customary route through the undulating terrain, playing to holes whose locations were dictated by topography. The course that emerged featured eleven holes, laid out end to end from the clubhouse to the far end of the property. One played the holes out, turned around, and played the holes in, for a total of 22 holes. In 1764, several of the holes were deemed too short, and were therefore combined. The number was thereby reduced from 11 to nine, so that a complete round of the links comprised 18 holes.

The major changes in equipment since the 19th century have been better mowers, especially for the greens, better golf ball designs, using rubber and man-made materials since about 1900, and the introduction of the metal shaft beginning in the 1930s. Also in the 1930s the wooden golf tee was invented. In the 1970s the use of metal to replace wood heads began, and shafts made of graphite composite materials were introduced in the 1980s.
World popularity
In 2005 Golf Digest calculated that there were nearly 32,000 golf courses in the world, approximately half of them in the United States.[9] The countries with most golf courses in relation to population, starting with the best endowed were: Scotland, New Zealand, Australia, Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, Canada, Wales, United States, Sweden, and England (countries with fewer than 500,000 people were excluded). Apart from Sweden, all of these countries have English as the majority language, but the number of courses in new territories is increasing rapidly. For example the first golf course in the People's Republic of China opened in the mid-1980s, but by 2005 there were 200 courses in that country.

The professional sport was initially dominated by Scottish then English golfers, but since World War I, America has produced the greatest quantity of leading professionals. Other Commonwealth countries such as Australia and South Africa are also traditional powers in the sport. Since around the 1970s, Japan, Scandinavian and other Western European countries have produced leading players on a regular basis. The number of countries with high-class professionals continues to increase steadily, especially in East Asia. South Korea is notably strong in women's golf.

The last decade or so has seen a marked increase in specialised golf vacations or holidays worldwide. This demand for travel which is centered around golf has led to the development of luxury resorts which cater to golfers and feature integrated golf courses.
Golf course

Golf is played in an area of land designated a golf course. A course consists of a series of holes, each consisting of a teeing area, fairway, rough and other hazards, and the green with the pin and cup. A typical golf course consists of eighteen holes, but many have only nine.
Play of the game
Every game of golf is based on playing a number of holes in a given order. A round typically consists of 18 holes that are played in the order determined by the course layout. On a nine-hole course, a standard round consists of two successive nine-hole rounds. A hole of golf consists of hitting a ball from a tee on the teeing box (a marked area designated for the first shot of a hole, a tee shot), and once the ball comes to rest, striking it again. This process is repeated until the ball is in the cup. Once the ball is on the green (an area of finely cut grass) the ball is usually putted (hit along the ground) into the hole. The goal of resting the ball in the hole in as few strokes as possible may be impeded by hazards, such as bunkers and water hazards.

Players walk (or drive in motorized carts) over the course, either singly or in groups of two, three, or four, sometimes accompanied by caddies who carry and manage the players' equipment and give them advice. In most typical forms of gameplay, each player plays his or her ball from the tee until it is holed.

Each player often acts as marker for one other player in the group, that is, he or she records the score on a score card. In stroke play (see below), the score consists of the number of strokes played plus any penalty strokes incurred. Penalty strokes are not actually strokes but penalty points that are added to the score for violations of rules or utilizing relief procedures.

Par
A hole is classified by its par, the number of strokes a skilled golfer should require to complete play to the hole. For example, a skilled golfer expects to reach the green on a par-four hole in two strokes, one from the tee (the "drive") and another, second, stroke to the green (the "approach") and then roll the ball into the hole with two putts. Traditionally, a golf hole is either a par-three, -four or -five; some par-six holes exist, but are not usually found on traditional golf courses.

Primarily, but not exclusively, the par of a hole is determined by the tee-to-green distance. A typical length for a par-three hole ranges between 91 and 224 metres (100–250 yd), for a par-four hole, between 225 and 434 metres (251–475 yd). Typically, par-five holes are at between 435 and 630 metres (476–690 yd), and nontraditional par-six holes are any longer distance. These distances are not absolute rules; for example, it is possible that a 500 yard (0 m) hole could be classed as a par-four hole, since the par for a hole is determined by its 'effective playing length'. If the tee-to-green distance on a hole is predominantly downhill, it will play shorter than its physical length and may be given a lower par rating.

Eighteen hole courses may have four par-three, ten par-four, and four par-five holes, though other combinations exist and are not less worthy than courses of par 72. Many major championships are contested on courses playing to a par of 70 or 71. In some countries, courses are classified, in addition to the course's par, with a course classification describing the play difficulty of a course and may be used to calculate a golfer's playing handicap for that given course (c.f. golf handicap).
Penalties
Main Article: Penalty (golf)

Penalty strokes are incurred in certain situations. Most often a penalty stroke is assessed because a player has hit into a situation from which they cannot or choose not to play the ball as it lies, or because they have lost their ball and must play a substitute. Penalty strokes are counted towards a player's score as if they were an extra swing at the ball.
Scoring
In every form of play, the goal is to play as few strokes per round as possible. Scores for each hole can be described as follows:

Term on a
scoreboard Specific term Definition
-4 Condor or Vulture (or triple-eagle) four strokes under par
-3 Albatross (or double-eagle) three strokes under par
-2 Eagle two strokes under par
-1 Birdie one stroke under par
0 Par strokes equal to par
+1 Bogey one stroke more than par
+2 Double bogey two strokes over par
+3 Triple bogey three strokes over par

The two basic forms of playing golf are match play and stroke play.

* In match play, two players (or two teams) play each hole as a separate contest against each other. The party with the lower score wins that hole, or if the scores of both players or teams are equal the hole is "halved" (drawn). The game is won by the party that wins more holes than the other. In the case that one team or player has taken a lead that cannot be overcome in the number of holes remaining to be played, the match is deemed to be won by the party in the lead, and the remainder of the holes are not played. For example, if one party already has a lead of six holes, and only five holes remain to be played on the course, the match is over. At any given point, if the lead is equal to the number of holes remaining, the match is said to be "dormie", and is continued until the leader increases the lead by one hole, thereby winning the match, or until the match ends in a tie. When the game is tied after the predetermined number of holes have been played, it may be continued until one side takes a one-hole lead.
* In stroke play, every player (or team) counts the number of shots taken for the whole round or tournament to produce the total score, and the player with the lowest score wins.

There are variations of these basic principles, some of which are explicitly described in the "Rules of Golf" and are therefore regarded "official." "Official" forms of play are, among others, foursome and four-ball games.
Fees
One must pay certain fees to play on a golf course. There are two different fees; the cart fee, which is for the use of a golf cart, and the greens fee, which allows play on the course itself. On some courses, walking is prohibited, and the cart fee is often included with the greens fee.

The greens fee may vary from the equivalent of a few dollars for communal (also known as municipal) courses, up to that of several hundred dollars for public courses. Discounts on fees may be offered for players starting their round late (and on some courses, unusually early) in the day. Prices may also vary for seniors and minors, or depending on the season.
Team play
A foursome (defined in Rule 29) is played between two teams of two players each, in which each team has only one ball and players alternate playing it. For example, if players A and B form a team, A tees off on the first hole, B will play the second shot, A the third, and so on until the hole is finished. On the second hole, B will tee off (regardless who played the last putt on the first hole), then A plays the second shot, and so on. Foursomes can be played as match play or stroke play.

A four-ball (Rules 30 and 31) is also played between two teams of two players each, but every player plays his own ball and for each team, the lower score on each hole is counted. Four-balls can be played as match play or stroke play.

There are also popular unofficial variations on team play:

* In a scramble, each player in a team tees off on each hole, and the players decide which shot was best. Every player then plays his second shot from within a clublength of where the best ball has come to rest, and the procedure is repeated until the hole is finished. In best ball, each player plays the hole as normal, but the lowest score of all the players on the team counts as the team's score.
* In a greensome, also called modified alternate shot, both players tee off, and then pick the best shot as in a scramble. The player who did not shoot the best first shot plays the second shot. The play then alternates as in a foursome.
* A variant of greensome is sometimes played where the opposing team chooses which of their opponent's tee shots the opponents should use. The player who did not shoot the chosen first shot plays the second shot. Play then continues as a greensome. Such a format is known as either gruesomes, bloodsomes or gruesome greensomes.

There is also a form of starting called "shotgun," which is mainly used for tournament play. A "shotgun start" consists of groups starting at different tees, allowing for all players to start and end their round at the same time.
Handicap systems

A handicap is a numerical measure of an amateur golfer's ability to play golf over 18 holes. Handicaps can be applied either for stroke play competition or match play competition. In either competition, a handicap generally represents the number of strokes above par that a player will achieve on an above average day.

In stroke play competition, the competitor's handicap is subtracted from their total "gross" score at the end of the round, to calculate a "net" score against which standings are calculated. In match play competition, handicap strokes are assigned on a hole-by-hole basis, according to the handicap rating of each hole (which is provided by the course). The hardest holes on the course receive the first handicap strokes, with the easiest holes receiving the last handicap strokes.

Calculating handicaps are often complicated, but essentially are representative of the average over par of a number of a player's previous above average rounds, adjusted for course difficulty. Legislations regarding the calculation of handicaps differs among countries. For example, handicap rules may include the difficulty of the course the golfer is playing on by taking into consideration factors such as the number of bunkers, the length of the course, the difficulty and slopes of the greens, the width of the fairways, and so on.

Handicap systems are not used in professional golf. Professional golfers often score several strokes below par for a round and thus have a calculated handicap of 0 or less, meaning that their handicap results in the addition of strokes to their round score. Someone with a zero or less handicap is often referred to as a 'scratch golfer.'
Rules and other regulations
The rules of golf[10][11] are internationally standardised and are jointly governed by the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews (R&A), which was founded 1754 and the United States Golf Association (USGA). By agreement with the R&A, USGA jurisdiction on the enforcement and interpretation of the rules is limited to the United States and Mexico. The national golf associations of other countries use the rules laid down by the R&A and there is a formal procedure for referring any points of doubt to the R&A.

The underlying principle of the rules is fairness. As stated on the back cover of the official rule book: "play the ball as it lies", "play the course as you find it", and "if you can't do either, do what is fair". Some rules state that:

* every player is entitled and obliged to play the ball from the position where it has come to rest after a stroke, unless a rule allows or demands otherwise (Rule 13-1)
* a player must not accept assistance in making a stroke (Rule 14-2)
* the condition of the ground or other parts of the course may not be altered to gain an advantage, except in some cases defined in the rules
* a ball may only be replaced by another during play of a hole if it is destroyed (Rule 5-3), lost (Rule 27-1), or unplayable (Rule 28), or at some other time permitted by the Rules. The player may always substitute balls between the play of two holes.

The Decisions on the Rules of Golf are based on formal case decisions by the R&A and USGA and are revised and updated every other year.

There are strict regulations regarding the amateur status of golfers.[12] Essentially, everybody who has ever received payment or compensation for giving instruction or played golf for money is not considered an amateur and may not participate in competitions limited solely to amateurs. However amateur golfers may receive expenses which comply with strict guidelines and they may accept non-cash prizes within the limits established by the Rules of Amateur Status.

In addition to the officially printed rules, golfers also abide by a set of guidelines called Golf etiquette. Etiquette guidelines cover matters such as safety, fairness, easiness and pace of play, and a player's obligation to contribute to the care of the course. Though there are no penalties for breach of etiquette rules, players generally follow the rules of golf etiquette in an effort to improve everyone's playing experience.
Hitting a golf ball
To hit the ball, the club is swung at the motionless ball wherever it has come to rest from a side stance. Many golf shots make the ball travel through the air (carry) and roll out for some more distance (roll).

Every shot is a compromise between length and precision, and long shots are often less precise than short ones. A longer shot may result in a better score if it helps reduce the total number of strokes for a given hole, but the benefit may be more than outweighed by additional strokes or penalties if a ball is lost, out of bounds, or comes to rest on difficult ground. Therefore, a skilled golfer must assess the quality of his or her shots in a particular situation in order to judge whether the possible benefits of aggressive play are worth the risks.

The golf swing
Tiger Woods displaying the textbook position (course: St Andrews).
Putts and short chips are ideally played without much movement of the body, but most other golf shots are played using variants of the full golf swing. The full golf swing itself is used in tee and fairway shots.

A full swing is a complex rotation of the body aimed at accelerating the club head to a great speed. For a right-handed golfer, it consists of a backswing to the right, a downswing to the left (during which the ball is hit), and a follow through.

The full golf swing is a complex motion that is difficult to learn. It is common for beginners to spend several months practicing the very basics before playing their first ball on a course. Even highly skilled golfers may continue to take golf lessons for years.

Relatively few golfers play left-handed (i.e., swing back to the left and forward to the right). The percentage of golfers in the U.S. who play left-handed is estimated to be anywhere from 4 percent to 7 percent in the U.S.[13]. Even some players who are strongly left-handed in their daily lives prefer the right-handed golf swing. In the past, this may have been due to the difficulty of finding left-handed golf clubs. Today, more manufacturers provide left-handed versions of their club lines, and the clubs are more readily purchased from mail-order and Internet catalogues, as well as golf stores. A golfer who plays right-handed, but holds the club left-hand-below-right is said to be "cack-handed" or "cross-handed".

A golf ball acquires spin when it is hit. Backspin is imparted for almost every shot due to the golf club's loft (i.e., angle between the clubface and a vertical plane). A spinning ball deforms the flow of air around it[14] similar to an airplane wing; a back-spinning ball therefore experiences an upward force which makes it fly higher and longer than a ball without spin. The amount of backspin also influences the behavior of a ball when it impacts the ground. A ball with little backspin will usually roll out for a few metres or yards while a ball with more backspin may not roll at all, or even roll backwards. Sidespin occurs when the clubface is not aligned perpendicularly to the plane of swing. Sidespin makes the ball curve left or right: a curve to the left is a draw, and to the right a fade (for right-handed players). Accomplished golfers intentionally use sidespin to steer their ball around obstacles or towards the safe side of fairways and greens. But because it is sometimes difficult to control the amount of sidespin put on the golf ball, balls may take an undesirable trajectory, such as a hook to the left, or a slice to the right (for right-handed players).
Equipment

A wide range of equipment exists for playing golf, ranging from golf clubs, balls, tees, gloves, and shoes.
Professional golf
The majority of professional golfers work as club or teaching professionals, and only compete in local competitions. A small elite of professional golfers are "tournament pros" who compete full time on international "tours".
Golf tours
Enlarge picture
Tiger Woods, who is the leading professional golfer in the world.[15]

There are at least twenty professional golf tours, each run by a PGA or an independent tour organisation, which is responsible for arranging events, finding sponsors, and regulating the tour. Typically a tour has "members" who are entitled to compete in most of its events, and also invites non-members to compete in some of them. Gaining membership of an elite tour is highly competitive, and most professional golfers never achieve it.

The most widely known tour is the PGA Tour, which attracts the best golfers from all the other men's tours. This is due mostly to the fact that most PGA Tour events have a first prize of at least USD 800,000. The European Tour, which attracts a substantial number of top golfers from outside North America, ranks second to the PGA Tour in worldwide prestige. Some top professionals from outside North America play enough tournaments to maintain membership on both the PGA Tour and European Tour. There are several other men's tours around the world.

Golf is unique in having lucrative competition for older players. There are several senior tours for men 50 and older, the best known of which is the U.S.-based Champions Tour.

There are six principal tours for women, each based in a different country or continent. The most prestigious of these is the United States based LPGA Tour.

All of the leading professional tours for under-50 players have an official developmental tour, in which the leading players at the end of the season will earn a tour card on the main tour for the following season. Examples are:

* PGA Tour: Nationwide Tour
* European Tour: Challenge Tour
* Japan Golf Tour: Japan Challenge Tour
* LPGA Tour: FUTURES Tour
* Ladies European Tour: Telia Tour (operates only in Sweden, but feeds directly to the LET)

Men's major championships
The major championships are the four most prestigious men's tournaments of the year. In chronological order they are:
* The Masters
* U.S. Open
* The Open Championship (referred to in North America as the British Open)
* PGA Championship

The fields for these events include the top several dozen golfers from all over the world. The Masters has been played at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia since its inception in 1934. It is the only major championship that is played at the same course each year. The U.S. Open and PGA Championship are played at courses around the United States, while The Open Championship is played at courses in the UK.

The number of major championships a player accumulates in his career has a very large impact on his stature in the sport. Jack Nicklaus is considered to be one of the greatest golfer of all time, largely because he has won a record 18 professional majors, or 20 majors in total if his two U.S. Amateurs are included. Tiger Woods, who may be the only golfer in the foreseeable future likely to challenge Nicklaus's record, has won 13 professional majors (16 total if his three U.S. Amateurs are included), all before the age of 32. (To put this total in perspective, Nicklaus had won nine professional majors and two U.S. Amateurs at the same age, and did not win his 13th professional major until he was 35.) Woods also came closest to winning all four current majors in one season (known as a Grand Slam completed first by Bobby Jones) when he won them consecutively across two seasons: the 2000 U.S. Open, Open Championship, and PGA Championship; and the 2001 Masters. This feat has been frequently called the Tiger Slam.

Prior to the advent of the PGA Championship and The Masters, the four Majors were the U.S. Open, the U.S. Amateur, the Open Championship, and the British Amateur. These are the four that Bobby Jones won in 1930 to become the only player ever to have earned a Grand Slam.

Women's major championships
Women's golf does not have a globally agreed set of majors. The list of majors recognized by the dominant women's tour, the LPGA Tour in the U.S., has changed several times over the years, with the last change in 2001. Like the PGA Tour, the (U.S.) LPGA[16] has four majors:

* Kraft Nabisco Championship
* LPGA Championship
* U.S. Women's Open
* Women's British Open

Only the last of these is also recognized by the Ladies European Tour. The other event that it recognizes as a major is the Evian Masters, which is not considered a major by the LPGA (but is co-sanctioned as a regular LPGA event). However, the significance of this is limited, as the LPGA is far more dominant in women's golf than the PGA Tour is in mainstream men's golf. For example, the BBC has been known to use the U.S. definition of "women's majors" without qualifying it. Also, the Ladies' Golf Union, the governing body for women's golf in the UK and Republic of Ireland, states on its official website that the Women's British Open is "the only Women’s Major to be played outside the U.S."[17] For its part, the Ladies European Tour tacitly acknowledges the dominance of the LPGA Tour by not scheduling any of its own events to conflict with the three LPGA majors played in the U.S.

The second-richest women's tour, the LPGA of Japan Tour, does not recognize any of the U.S. LPGA or European majors. It has its own set of three majors. However, these events attract little notice outside Japan.
Senior major championships
Like women's golf, senior (50-and-over) men's golf does not have a globally agreed set of majors. The list of senior majors on the U.S.-based Champions Tour has changed over the years, but always by expansion; unlike the situation with the LPGA, no senior major has lost its status. The Champions Tour now recognizes five majors:

* Senior PGA Championship
* U.S. Senior Open
* Senior British Open
* The Tradition
* Senior Players Championship

Of the five events, the Senior PGA is by far the oldest, having been founded in 1937. The other events all date from the 1980s, when senior golf became a commercial success as the first golf stars of the television era, such as Arnold Palmer and Gary Player, reached the relevant age. The Senior British Open was not recognized as a major by the Champions Tour until 2003.

The European Seniors Tour recognizes only the Senior PGA and the two Senior Opens as majors. However, the Champions Tour is arguably more dominant in global senior golf than the U.S. LPGA is in global women's golf.
Environmental impact
Environmental concerns over the use of land for golf courses have grown over the past 50 years. Specific concerns include the amount of water and chemical pesticides and fertilizers used for maintenance, as well as the destruction of wetlands and other environmentally important areas during construction. A notable toxic chemical used on golf courses is diazinon; however, this substance was banned in the United States as of the year 2004.

These, along with health and cost concerns, have led to significant research into more environmentally sound practices and turf grasses. The modern golf course superintendent is often trained in the uses of these practices and grasses. This has led to some mitigation in the amount of chemicals and water used on courses. The turf on golf courses is an excellent filter for water and has been used in many communities to cleanse grey water, such as incorporation of bioswales. People continue to oppose golf courses for environmental and human survival reasons, as they impede corridors for migrating animals and sanctuaries for birds and other wildlife. In fact, the effective non-native monoculture of golf courses systematically destroys biodiversity.[18]

A major result of modern equipment is that today's players can hit the ball much further than previously. In a concern for safety, modern golf course architects have had to lengthen and widen their design envelope. This has led to a ten percent increase in the amount of area that is required for golf courses today. At the same time, water restrictions placed by communities have forced courses to limit the amount of maintained turf grass. While most modern 18-hole golf courses occupy as much as 60 ha (150 acres) of land, the average course has 30 ha (75 acres) of maintained turf. (Sources include the National Golf Foundation and the Golf Course Superintendents Association of America [GCSAA].)

Golf courses can be built on sandy areas along coasts, abandoned farms, strip mines and quarries, deserts and forests. Many Western countries have instituted significant environmental restrictions on where and how courses can be built.[19][20]

In some parts of the world, attempts to build courses and resorts have led to significant protests along with vandalism and violence by both sides. Although golf is a relatively minor issue compared to other land-ethics questions, it has symbolic importance as it is a sport normally associated with the wealthier Westernized population, and the culture of colonization and globalization of non-native land ethics. Resisting golf tourism and golf's expansion has become an objective of some land-reform movements, especially in the Philippines and Indonesia.

In Saudi Arabia, golf courses have been constructed on nothing more than oil-covered sand. However, in some cities such as Dhahran, modern, grass golf courses have been built recently. In Coober Pedy, Australia, there is a famous golf course that consists of nine holes dug into mounds of sand, diesel and oil, with no grass anywhere on the course. Players carry a small piece of astroturf from which they tee the ball. In New Zealand it is not uncommon for rural courses to have greens fenced off and sheep graze the fairways. At the 125-year-old Royal Colombo Golf Club in Sri Lanka steam trains, from the Kelani Valley railway, run through the course at the 6th hole.
Alternative golf courses
Extreme golf is typically played on environmentally sustainable alternatives to traditional courses. A cross between hiking and golfing, the course layout exposes players to a wide range of natural obstacles and challenging terrains.